MPH. He is Director of the International Harm Reduction Development Program at the Open Society Foundations.

From 2002 to 2005, was community scholar at the Center for History and Ethics of Public Health at Columbia University’s Joseph P. Mailman School of Public Health; from 2001 to 2002, was a Revson Fellow at Columbia University in recognition of his “substantial contribution to the city of New York.”

Formerly was director of communications at GMHC, AIDS nongovernmental organization. He co-authored a working paper commissioned by the HIV/AIDS Task Force of the Millennium Project of the United Nations to examine the effects of UN and national illicit drug policies on the spread of HIV in countries with injection-driven epidemics, and a survey by the Eurasian Harm Reduction Network on the state of HIV and primary care for injection drug users in the former Soviet Union.

Author of several books, chapters, and articles in publications including the New York Times Book Review, Guardian, International Herald Tribune, The Nation, and the International Journal of Drug Policy.