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- Inicio
- Sobre a Conferência
- Apoios Institucionais
- Programa
- Programa Dia 1
- Programa Dia 2
- Paineis
- Palestrantes
- Tarcisio Andrade
- Luis Astorga
- Luciana Boiteux
- Manuel Cardoso
- Pedro Chequer
- Mónica Cuñarro
- Jorge da Silva
- Yago Di Nella
- Ann Fordham
- Luiz Paulo Guanabara
- Pedro Gabriel Godinho Delgado
- José Gomes Temporão
- Dirceu Greco
- Juan Carlos Hidalgo
- Javier Hourcade Bellocq
- Kasia Malinowska-Sempruch
- Monica Malta
- Bo Mathiesen
- Inés Mejía
- Pien Metaal
- Carlos Minc
- Reynaldo Molina Salvatierra
- Claudio Morgado
- Ethan Nadelmann
- Freddy Antonio Pavón Vásquez
- Jorge Ruibal Pino
- David Ruiz Villafranca
- José Serrano Salgado
- Domiciano Siqueira
- Aloíso Teixeira
- Paulo Teixeira
- Luiz Paulo Teles Ferreira Barreto
- Francisco Thoumi
- Graciela Touzé
- Paulo Vannuchi
- Pedro Vieira Abramovay
- Marcelo Vila
- Paulo Roberto Yog de Miranda Uchoa
- Mauricio Zorondo
- Moderadores
- Resumos dos Paneis
- Boletim
- Lugar
- Conferências anteriores
- Imprensa
- Inscrição
- Informação útil
- Sobre Rio de Janeiro
Warning: mktime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected the timezone 'UTC' for now, but please set date.timezone to select your timezone. in /home/lista/public_html/2010/wp-includes/functions.php on line 41
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Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected the timezone 'UTC' for now, but please set date.timezone to select your timezone. in /home/lista/public_html/2010/wp-includes/functions.php on line 52
Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected the timezone 'UTC' for now, but please set date.timezone to select your timezone. in /home/lista/public_html/2010/wp-includes/functions.php on line 54
Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected the timezone 'UTC' for now, but please set date.timezone to select your timezone. in /home/lista/public_html/2010/wp-includes/functions.php on line 55
Warning: mktime(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected the timezone 'UTC' for now, but please set date.timezone to select your timezone. in /home/lista/public_html/2010/wp-includes/functions.php on line 41
Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected the timezone 'UTC' for now, but please set date.timezone to select your timezone. in /home/lista/public_html/2010/wp-includes/functions.php on line 50
Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected the timezone 'UTC' for now, but please set date.timezone to select your timezone. in /home/lista/public_html/2010/wp-includes/functions.php on line 52
Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected the timezone 'UTC' for now, but please set date.timezone to select your timezone. in /home/lista/public_html/2010/wp-includes/functions.php on line 54
Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected the timezone 'UTC' for now, but please set date.timezone to select your timezone. in /home/lista/public_html/2010/wp-includes/functions.php on line 55
Termina a II Conferência Latino Americana sobre Políticas de Drogas
Em políticas de drogas, a América Latina está à frente dos Estados Unidos
Com um forte debate sobre como a ilegalidade do mercado das drogas alimenta o negócio do narcotráfico, já que a proibição leva a que o quilo de cocaína tenha um valor de US$1600 na Colômbia e se venda a US$ 97 mil no varejo nos Estados Unidos, terminou hoje a II Conferência Latino Americana sobre Políticas de Drogas no Rio de Janeiro. Representantes de governos e especialistas de treze países da região debateram reformas legislativas para despenalizar o consumo, diferenciar o pequeno tráfico do crime organizado e avançar estratégias de redução de danos.
(Rio de Janeiro, 27 de agosto de 2010, 18h30) “Na maioria dos países da região as leis sobre drogas são regimes especiais, ou seja, são de caráter excepcional e vão de encontro às garantias fundamentais dos processados, pois as penas são desproporcionais e as prisões estão cheias de ‘mulas’ presas no sistema carcerário e não de grandes traficantes”, afirmou Freddy Pavón Rivera, vice-ministro de Justiça do Equador, no encerramento da II Conferência Latino Americana e I Conferência Brasileira sobre Políticas de Drogas que, organizada em nível local pela Psicotropicus do Brasil e no nível regional pela Intercambios da Argentina, aconteceu nos dias 26 e 27 de agosto, no Salão Nobre da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.
“É um desafio desenhar uma política de drogas porque é um tema sensível, os Estados não tem liberdade absoluta. Chama atenção que o mesmo órgão que promove os Direitos Humanos promove a guerra contra as drogas”, evidenciou o vice-ministro equatoriano em uma crítica velada a alguma das agências das Nações Unidas. Foi durante o painel sobre “Reformas Legislativas na América Latina”, em que se concordou que “a legislação vigente criou novas delinquências, fez muitos rasgos no tecido social e destruiu o meio ambiente”.
Para reverter isso, a fiscal argentina Mônica Cuñarro, secretária executiva da Comissão Coordenadora de Políticas Públicas em Prevenção e Controle do Tráfico Ilícito de Estupefacientes, Crime Organizado Transnacional e Corrupção da Chefia do Gabinete da Argentina propôs “aproveitar UNASUL como uma janela para encontrar consensos sobre como avançar em políticas de drogas a partir da defesa dos Direitos Humanos”. Por sua vez, no mesmo painel, o Ministro da Suprema Corte de Justiça do Uruguai, Jorge Ruibal Pino, advertiu que “uma boa legislação sobre drogas não é garantia de justiça ou respeito aos Direitos Humanos”.
320 milhões de dólares ao ano
Segundo dados das Nações Unidas, o tráfico anual de drogas ilícitas move US$320 bilhões de dólares. “O problema das drogas é econômico e, ainda que suas causas tenham diversas facetas, a solução ao tema econômico é o que vai destravar a discussão”, afirmou Juan Carlos Hidalgo, coordenador de Projetos para América Latina do Centro para a Liberdade e Prosperidade Global (Cato Institute) de Washington. Hidalgo descreveu o fracasso da guerra contra as drogas e citou como exemplo o preço da cocaína: “o quilo na Colômbia vale US$1600, quando chega ao Panamá já está em US$2500, na fronteira mexicana, a US$ 13 mil, nos Estados Unidos a U$ 20 mil e no varejo nos Estados Unidos alcança os US$ 97 mil”, destacou.
O boliviano Reynaldo Molina Salvatierra, coordenador Geral do Programa de Apoio ao Controle Social da Produção da Folha de Coca, concordou: “se não fosse um negócio produtivo, não haveria alcançado as dimensões que tem”, afirmou. E destacou que a Bolívia impulsiona, como alternativa econômica, “uma política de incentivo aos usos lícitos da coca, como alimentos e remédios, já que 18% de sua composição são proteínas equiparáveis às da carne, mas sem o colesterol e o ácido úrico”.
América Latina segue à frente dos Estados Unidos
“As inovações em políticas de drogas vêm da América latina”, afirmou o especialista americano Ethan Nadelmann, doutor pela Universidade de Harvard e diretor executivo da Drug Policy Alliance (DPA), que deu como exemplo a Comissão Latino Americana sobre Drogas e Democracia, pois “pela primeira vez ex-presidentes se atrevem a questionar a proibição, propõem claramente a descriminalização da maconha e promovem medidas de redução de danos”.
Nadelmann ressaltou os resultados da iniciativa das Unidades de Polícia Pacificadoras no Rio de Janeiro (programa para recuperar o controle territorial em favelas dominadas por traficantes armados) e medidas de inclusão social impulsionadas em Medelin (Colômbia), mas advertiu que elas “devem ser constantes e não podem ignorar o tema da ilegalidade das drogas, porque enquanto existir o mercado negro que financia o crime organizado será difícil erradicar a violência.
Precisamente sobre as diferenças entre as políticas americanas e as do resto da região, durante a inauguração da Conferência, o Secretário Nacional de Justiça do Brasil, Pedro Abramovay, levantou a questão da relação entre narcotráfico e fronteira: “o Brasil tem uma fronteira terrestre de 15 mil km e é impossível pensar uma política de drogas que ignore a relação com os vizinhos. Não faremos muros em nossas fronteiras porque só significaria assassinatos em massa”, afirmou.
Também debatem jovens e usuários de drogas
Durante os dias 26 e 27 de agosto, participaram da II Conferência Latino Americana sobre Políticas de Drogas mais de 400 pessoas, representantes governamentais e especialistas de treze países da região e funcionários das Nações Unidas.
No final da jornada, em sessões paralelas, foram realizadas as reuniões de “Jovens e Políticas de Drogas” e outra sobre “Usuários de Drogas”.
A conferência contou com a adesão da OPS/OMS, da UNAIDS, do Escritório das Nações Unidas contra as Drogas e o Crime (UNODC), da Secretaria de Assistência Social e Direitos Humanos do Brasil (SEASDH), do Consórcio Internacional sobre Políticas de Drogas (IDPC), do Transnational Institute (TNI), do Escritório em Washington para Assuntos Latino Americanos (WOLA) e da Drug Policy Alliance (DPA), entre outras instituições. Ainda, é patrocinada pela Fundação Open Society institute, pelo Programa Nacional de DST, AIDS e Hepatite Viral do Ministério de Saúde do Brasil e pelo Viva Rio.
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