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- Inicio
- Sobre la Conferencia
- Apoyos institucionales
- Programa
- Programa Día 1
- Programa Día 2
- Paneles
- Disertantes
- Tarcisio Andrade
- Luis Astorga
- Luciana Boiteux
- Manuel Cardoso
- Pedro Chequer
- Mónica Cuñarro
- Jorge da Silva
- Yago Di Nella
- Ann Fordham
- Luiz Paulo Guanabara
- Pedro Gabriel Godinho Delgado
- José Gomes Temporão
- Dirceu Greco
- Juan Carlos Hidalgo
- Javier Hourcade Bellocq
- Kasia Malinowska-Sempruch
- Monica Malta
- Bo Mathiesen
- Inés Mejía
- Pien Metaal
- Carlos Minc
- Reynaldo Molina Salvatierra
- Claudio Morgado
- Ethan Nadelmann
- Freddy Antonio Pavón Vásquez
- Jorge Ruibal Pino
- David Ruiz Villafranca
- José Serrano Salgado
- Domiciano Siqueira
- Aloíso Teixeira
- Paulo Teixeira
- Luiz Paulo Teles Ferreira Barreto
- Francisco Thoumi
- Graciela Touzé
- Paulo Vannuchi
- Pedro Vieira Abramovay
- Marcelo Vila
- Paulo Roberto Yog de Miranda Uchoa
- Mauricio Zorondo
- Moderadores
- Resúmenes de Mesa
- Boletines
- Lugar
- Conferencias anteriores
- Prensa
- Inscripción
- Información útil
- Acerca de Rio de Janeiro
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Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected the timezone 'UTC' for now, but please set date.timezone to select your timezone. in /home/lista/public_html/2010/wp-includes/functions.php on line 52
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Resumen de mesa
Panel: Reformas legislativas en América Latina
De los regímenes especiales a la proporcionalidad de las penas
En varios países de la región se están discutiendo reformas legislativas en materia de drogas. Durante el panel “Reformas legislativas en América Latina”, el viceministro de Justicia de Ecuador; la fiscal y responsable de la comisión del gobierno argentino que trabaja los temas de drogas; un representante de la Corte Suprema del Uruguay y un diputado federal brasilero coincidieron en que hacen falta reformas legales que incorporen la proporcionalidad en las sentencias, una diferenciación entre crimen organizado y microtráfico y la aplicación de estándares de derechos humanos.
(27/08/10; 16.30 a 18.00 Hs) En el panel “Reformas legislativas en América Latina” se llegó a un diagnóstico común: la legislación vigente en materia de drogas ha creado nuevas delincuencias, ha hecho trizas el tejido social y ha destruido el medio ambiente. En síntesis, ha generado Estados favorables a la violación de los derechos humanos. Desde esta mirada en común, el viceministro de Justicia del Ecuador Freddy Pavón Rivera; la secretaria ejecutiva de la Comisión Nacional Coordinadora de Políticas Públicas en Materia de Prevención y Control del Tráfico Ilícito de Estupefacientes, la Delincuencia Organizada Transnacional y la Corrupción de la Jefatura de la Argentina, Mónica Cuñarro; el Ministro de la Suprema Corte de Justicia del Uruguay Jorge Ruibal Pino y el diputado federal del Brasil Paulo Teixeira presentaron un panorama sobre las reformas legislativas en su país. La moderación de la mesa estuvo a cargo de Ricardo Soberón Garrido, director del Centro de Investigación Drogas y Derechos Humanos del Perú
Ecuador: terminar con el régimen especial
“En la mayoría de los países de la región las leyes sobre drogas son regímenes especiales, lo que quiere decir que son de carácter excepcional y esto va en desmedro de las garantías fundamentales de los procesados, porque las penas son desproporcionada y las prisiones están llenas de mulas atrapadas en el sistema carcelario y no de grandes traficantes”, afirmó Freddy Pavón Rivera, viceministro de Justicia del Ecuador en el panel sobre Reformas Legislativas en América Latina, mesa que cerró la II Conferencia Latinoamericana y I Conferencia Brasilera Sobre Políticas de Drogas.
“Es un desafío diseñar una política de drogas porque es un tema sensible, los estados no tienen libertad absoluta. Llama la atención que el mismo organismo que promueve los derechos humanos promueve la guerra contra las drogas”, señaló el vice ministro ecuatoriano en una crítica velada a algunas de las agencias de las Naciones Unidas.
“No se puede curar castigando ni castigar curando”, señaló el funcionario público, quien afirmó que “la legislación de drogas recae sobre las personas más débiles de la sociedad, que no casualmente son los más pobres” y anunció que Ecuador está avanzando en una reforma de la ley de drogas. “Nuestro proyecto de ley está concebido con el concepto de que la ley de drogas no debe ser especial, sino dentro del sistema penal y respetar los principios de proporcionalidad, debido proceso, etc. Es decir que las penas más severas sean usadas sólo para castigar el tráfico internacional y las menos severas el microtráfico”, concluyó.
Argentina: UNASUR como plataforma
“Todos los países de América Latina son signatarios de los principales instrumentos internacionales para la defensa de los derechos humanos, pero en la práctica los Estados no garantizan estos derechos”, reconoció la argentina Mónica Cuñarro.
La secretaria ejecutiva de la Comisión Nacional Coordinadora de Políticas Públicas en Materia de Prevención y Control del Tráfico Ilícito de Estupefacientes, la Delincuencia Organizada Transnacional y la Corrupción, marcó un antes y un después entre las legislaciones de las década del ´80 y ´90 y las que comienzan a sancionarse en el año 2000. Señaló que antes, “por influencia extranjera, especialmente del ex presidente Ronald Reagan, teníamos legislaciones que permitían derribar aeronaves que invadían espacio aéreo” y desde el cambio de siglo comienzan a impulsarse “reformas tanto constitucionales como de leyes orientadas al respeto de los principios de legalidad, proporcionalidad de las penas y debido proceso”.
Cuñarro señaló que “esto lo comparten la mayoría de las nuevas legislaciones en América Latina” y consideró que “debe aprovecharse UNASUR como una ventana para encontrar consensos para avanzar en la defensa de los derechos humanos. porque son más las cosas que nos unen que las que nos separan. Los derechos humanos no nos los darán los legisladores, hay que pelearlos y construirlos como ocurrió después de la II Guerra Mundial”.
Uruguay: de las leyes a los hechos
“Una buena legislación sobre drogas no es garantía de justicia ni respeto a los derechos humanos, advirtió Jorge Ruibal Pino, ministro de la Suprema Corte de Justicia del Uruguay, cuyo país desde 1974 tiene una ley en la que el usuario está exento de pena por posesión mínima para consumo personal. “Realmente ha sido un largo proceso de la sociedad construir los mecanismos para garantizar los derechos de las personas”,aseveró.
Una de las instancias más útiles para esto en Uruguay ha sido la creación de la Mesa Inter-institucional “donde están representados distintos sectores de la sociedad, incluidas las personas que trabajan día a día con los usuarios de drogas, como el Instituto para la Niñez y Adolescencia del Uruguay, con quienes se diseñan los dispositivos de atención”, señaló el juez.
Brasil: hacia una nueva ley
Finalmente, el diputado federal experto en drogas, Paulo Teixeira, impulsor del primer proyecto de ley que se sancionó en San Pablo sobre el tema, destacó los estudios que fueron presentados a lo largo de la II Conferencia Latinoamericana y I Conferencia Brasilera sobre Políticas de Drogas, que revelan que las personas privadas de su libertad por delitos asociados a las drogas son en su mayoría varones jóvenes, detenidos en la vía pública, con dosis mínimas, solos y desarmados y sin vínculos con el crimen organizado.
“Todo esto da cuenta de que hace falta una reforma de la ley de drogas, que en su espíritu es progresiva pero no basta para diferenciar a los grandes narcotraficantes de quienes consumen o están en el menudeo”, concluyó.
